import serial import serial.tools.list_ports import threading import tkinter as tk from tkinter import ttk, scrolledtext, messagebox class SerialAssistant: def __init__(self, master): self.master = master self.master.title("Python 帧格式串口助手") self.master.geometry("800x550") self.master.resizable(False, False) self.ser = None self.is_running = False self.hex_display = tk.BooleanVar(value=True) # 串口设置 frame_top = ttk.LabelFrame(master, text="串口设置", padding=10) frame_top.pack(fill="x") ttk.Label(frame_top, text="端口:").grid(row=0, column=0) self.combo_port = ttk.Combobox(frame_top, width=10, values=self.list_serial_ports()) self.combo_port.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5) if self.combo_port["values"]: self.combo_port.current(0) ttk.Label(frame_top, text="波特率:").grid(row=0, column=2) self.combo_baud = ttk.Combobox(frame_top, width=10, values=[9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200]) self.combo_baud.current(4) self.combo_baud.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=5) self.btn_open = ttk.Button(frame_top, text="打开串口", command=self.open_serial) self.btn_open.grid(row=0, column=4, padx=5) self.btn_close = ttk.Button(frame_top, text="关闭串口", command=self.close_serial, state=tk.DISABLED) self.btn_close.grid(row=0, column=5, padx=5) ttk.Checkbutton(frame_top, text="16进制显示", variable=self.hex_display).grid(row=0, column=6, padx=10) # 接收区 frame_rx = ttk.LabelFrame(master, text="接收数据", padding=10) frame_rx.pack(fill="both", expand=True) self.text_rx = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(frame_rx, wrap=tk.WORD, height=15) self.text_rx.pack(fill="both", expand=True) # 发送帧区 frame_tx = ttk.LabelFrame(master, text="帧发送设置", padding=10) frame_tx.pack(fill="x") # 命令模板下拉 ttk.Label(frame_tx, text="命令模板:").grid(row=0, column=0) self.combo_frame = ttk.Combobox(frame_tx, width=50, state="readonly", values=[ "0A 00 00 00", # 保留字段部分固定 "08 00 00 00", "03 0A 00 D0", "07 03 00 00", "05 00 00 14", "06 00 00 14", "05 00 00 14" ]) self.combo_frame.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5) self.combo_frame.current(0) # 源地址下拉 ttk.Label(frame_tx, text="源地址(2B):").grid(row=1, column=0) self.combo_src = ttk.Combobox(frame_tx, width=10, values=[ "29 8A", "FF FF", "2A 75" ]) self.combo_src.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=5) self.combo_src.current(0) # 目标地址下拉 ttk.Label(frame_tx, text="目标地址(2B):").grid(row=1, column=2) self.combo_dst = ttk.Combobox(frame_tx, width=10, values=[ "B4 60", "50 05", "60 06" , "FF FF" ]) self.combo_dst.grid(row=1, column=3, padx=5) self.combo_dst.current(0) ttk.Button(frame_tx, text="发送帧", command=self.send_frame).grid(row=1, column=4, padx=10) # 状态栏 self.status = ttk.Label(master, text="状态: 未连接", relief="sunken", anchor="w") self.status.pack(fill="x", side="bottom") def list_serial_ports(self): ports = [port.device for port in serial.tools.list_ports.comports()] return ports if ports else ["无可用端口"] def open_serial(self): port = self.combo_port.get() baud = self.combo_baud.get() try: self.ser = serial.Serial(port, baudrate=int(baud), timeout=0) self.is_running = True self.btn_open["state"] = tk.DISABLED self.btn_close["state"] = tk.NORMAL self.status["text"] = f"状态: 已连接 {port} ({baud}bps)" self.text_rx.insert(tk.END, f"[系统] 成功打开串口 {port}\n") threading.Thread(target=self.read_serial, daemon=True).start() except Exception as e: messagebox.showerror("错误", f"无法打开串口: {e}") def close_serial(self): self.is_running = False if self.ser and self.ser.is_open: self.ser.close() self.btn_open["state"] = tk.NORMAL self.btn_close["state"] = tk.DISABLED self.status["text"] = "状态: 未连接" self.text_rx.insert(tk.END, "[系统] 串口已关闭\n") def read_serial(self): while self.is_running and self.ser and self.ser.is_open: try: count = self.ser.in_waiting if count: raw_data = self.ser.read(count) display_data = " ".join(f"{b:02X}" for b in raw_data) if self.hex_display.get() else raw_data.decode("utf-8", errors="ignore") self.text_rx.insert(tk.END, display_data + "\n") self.text_rx.see(tk.END) except Exception: break def send_frame(self): if not (self.ser and self.ser.is_open): messagebox.showwarning("警告", "请先打开串口!") return try: cmd_template = self.combo_frame.get().replace(" ", "") src_addr = self.combo_src.get().replace(" ", "") dst_addr = self.combo_dst.get().replace(" ", "") if len(cmd_template) % 2 != 0: raise ValueError("命令模板长度非法") if len(src_addr) != 4 or len(dst_addr) != 4: raise ValueError("地址长度非法") # 组帧: 55 BB [命令模板] [源地址] [目标地址] FF EE frame = bytearray() frame.extend(b'\x55\xBB') frame.extend(bytes.fromhex(cmd_template)) frame.extend(bytes.fromhex(src_addr)) # 保留字段 3B, 可在模板里也可固定 if len(cmd_template) < 4: frame.extend(b'\x00\x00\x00') frame.extend(bytes.fromhex(dst_addr)) frame.extend(b'\xFF\xEE') self.ser.write(frame) self.text_rx.insert(tk.END, f"[发送] {' '.join(f'{b:02X}' for b in frame)}\n") self.text_rx.see(tk.END) except ValueError as e: messagebox.showerror("输入错误", str(e)) if __name__ == "__main__": root = tk.Tk() app = SerialAssistant(root) root.mainloop()